By the way, the easiest way to set defaults, without knowing where anything is yet, is to use the Format ▸ Make Formatting Default menu command, with a paragraph selected that looks the way you want. It will ask whether this should be a global default or just for the project. In most cases you will want the former.
Here is the knowledge base article on default formatting.
Preferences in Mac software are almost always found in the main application menu, the one right next to the Apple logo.