If you check earlier in this thread, you will find discussion on how to modify the functioning and form of hyperlinks.
As to what you are attempting specifically, with the understanding that this will impact how all cross-references work, including section and chapter references, you could achieve what you are looking for with a bit of a LaTeX-based workaround. The problem is that Scrivener is always going to export the name of the item you link to—that’s just how it is programmed to work, and in keeping with how hyperlinks work in general, where the text that is linked is not meant to be wholly transformed or erased by the output engine. So we can’t actually get rid of the “Name of Equation” text, but thanks to LaTeX’s commenting syntaxing, we can certainly hide it.
Prefix:
%Suffix:
[code]
\autoref{scrivauto:<$linkID>}[/code]
The removal of the parentheses from the default settings aside, the carriage return at the top of the suffix is most important. The result in LaTeX will be a bit ugly, which is why I would consider it a workaround, but it works. It places a comment indicator directly in front of the text of the hyperlink, then the carriage return that leads off the suffix starts a new line in the file, which won’t be commenting, leaving the autoref visible, as well as any subsequent text in the paragraph.
And of course if you do want the name of the thing you’re referencing, you would now have to type it in separately from the hyperlink like so, “Refer to Processing Photographs in Raw Format (Processing Photographs in Raw Format), for further information.”
I don’t know how to answer that without more context, but generally speaking that isn’t something Scrivener has anything to do with; it might be something odd in your preamble.