MMD can help with a lot of this sort of thing, but I’m not sure there is an easy way of doing it with the example you give.
Certainly Latex commands can be embedded in Scrivener text and passed through MMD to Latex hidden inside html comments: personally I use a lot of and the like. And there is the option of doing some of this automatically through project replacements (e.g.converting W/m2K in my text to ) on compile.
There’s also the option of building things like complex tables in Latex, storing them, and then using (as an example) to call that into the document within Latex processing.
However, with my extremely limited Latex knowledge, I don’t know how you would automatically process \chapter{Abstract} to \chapter*{Abstract}.
Hopefully someone more knowledgable will come along …